or S. rolfsii. Contents of publications may be freely reproduced for educational purposes.

For more information on peanut production in Texas and on different types of peanuts (e.g., Virginia and runner) grown in the region, see the Texas Peanut Production Guide, available at http://peanut.tamu.edu.

Figure 5. Nematicides can be used to control both root-lesion and root-knot nematodes. St. Paul, MN: The American Phytopathological Society.

Approximately three months before planting, fields should be plowed as deep as necessary to turn under all surface residues and to eliminate existing weeds. No endorsement is intended, nor is criticism implied of similar products not mentioned. Not all hull discoloration is caused by C. elegans. One drawback of consistent use of herbicides to manage weeds is the ever-evolving development of herbicide resistance (“super weeds”).

White fluffy fungal mycelium is usually found on infected plant parts along with black structures called sclerotia (resembling mouse droppings). Disease develops rapidly under drought stress conditions, especially when the air temperature is above 78°F. Soils are deficient if the DPTA extractable zinc concentration is less than 0.4 ppm. 1997. Fungicides are most effective when used before diseases become established in the field. Several species of Fusarium cause various diseases in peanut, including damping-off in seedlings (see Damping-off section) and root rot and wilting in mature plants. Limited land availability may cause growers to try to grow peanuts on the same land for two years or every other year; this is highly discouraged because it could lead to significant disease issues and is simply not worth the risk.

Sedges: yellow nutsedge. When mature plants are infected, plants may also be stunted, but only a few branches or just the branch tips may be affected. Pod rots may not exhibit noticeable above-ground symptoms. Peanut production ‘keys & concerns’—Texas south plains. It is normally the same as Valencia A. Infected seeds may be covered with black spores of the fungus. Corn Water Production function or the relationship between Evapotranspiration and yield. Figure 7. Water quality is another important factor to consider when planning to grow peanuts. Most of the Valencia peanuts grown in the U.S. are grown within a 100-mile radius of Portales, NM. It is important to recognize potential disease problems in order to effectively use management strategies. Every effort should be made to avoid introducing the fungus into fields where the pathogen is not known to occur. https://aces.nmsu.edu/pubs/_circulars/CR676/welcome.html, H-158: How to Collect and Send Specimens for Disease Diagnosis 1.

L-5417]. is a peanut breeder at NMSU’s Agricultural Science Center at Clovis. Inoculants of any kind have seldom been shown to increase crop yields in New Mexico, especially if nodulation is already adequate or if products are placed shallow in hot, dry soils.

All other rights reserved. Symptoms of infection by Verticillium include browning of the vascular tissues, yellowing and blackening of leaf edges, leaf curling, stunting, wilting, and premature defoliation. Post-emergence herbicides have the greatest impact early in the growing season when weeds are small and when weed competition with peanut growth is greatest. It matures similarly to Valencia A, but yields typically 400 lb/acre higher than Valencia A. NuMex 01 is the first high-oleic (O:L ratio of 23.3 compared with 1.1 in NM Valencia A) Valencia peanut cultivar released for cultivation in eastern New Mexico and West Texas. Please be aware that pesticide labels and registration can change at any time; by law, it is the applicator’s responsibility to use pesticides ONLY according to the directions on the current label. Revised by Naveen Puppala, Natalie P. Goldberg, Leslie Beck, Soumaila Sanogo, Stephen Thomas, and Calvin Trostle. Average yield over the past four years has been 3,500 lb/acre, with typical ranges of 2,500 to over 5,000 lb/acre. Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is a high-value legume crop that has been grown successfully in New Mexico and other parts of the United States for many years.

Many producers in eastern New Mexico apply up to 100 lb/acre of nitrogen fertilizer to ensure adequate nitrogen throughout the growing season. https://aces.nmsu.edu/pubs/_h/H158/welcome.html, H-616: Herbicide Resistance: Development and Management There are four major market types of peanuts: Virginia, runner, Spanish, and Valencia. Extension and buying point staff typically suggest that a seeding rate of six seeds per foot of row is adequate for peanuts, but producers often plant slightly more to ensure a thick stand. Porter, R. Rodriquez-Kabana, D.H. Smith, and P. Subrahmanyam (Eds.). Soil samples are the best way to determine if plant-parasitic nematodes are damaging peanut. All peanut irrigation systems should be able to meet the water needs of the crop over the entire field and should be able to apply water at a rate that does not exceed the soil’s infiltration capacity.